A Focus on the Case of Sole Remaining supplier Essay

A Focus on the Case of Sole Remaining supplier - Essay Example In some cases, the subject of upholding ethics has only resulted in dilemmas with far reaching implications. Such is a situation of the case ‘Sole Remaining Supplier’. The case describes a heart pacemaker technology; though it is a marvelous device, it also raises ethical questions. The device has the capability of making automatic adjustments depending on the deviations from normal heartbeats. The device has the ability of stimulating heartbeats in the cases of abnormal pulse rates. However, during its developmental course, the device was marred by certain limitations. Despite the fact that the incidences occurred several decades back, the device is subject to relevant ethical questions. This paper considers a scenario where the pacemaker technology is gaining momentum despite its inherent weaknesses and regular failures that cause death. Later, the technology raises concerns and prompts reconsideration. Additionally, the device also consists of delicate transistors, th e delicacy of which increases the probability of the device becoming faulty. If the processes of supplying the transistors are halted, people are likely to miss the devices. On the other hand, if the supply process continues, people are likely to be victims of the failed devices. A decision has to be made eventually. The crucial question then is what course of action a transistor supplier should take. Utilitarian issues in the case Utilitarianism refers to the ethical theory which postulates that taking an appropriate course of action increases the chances of perfection. Its moral worthiness is based on the consequences of actions (Rawls, 2011). Proponents of this theory are J.S. Mill and Jeremy Bentham. Utilitarianism may be considered as an ethical approach that is quantitative and reductionistic. It considerably differs from other ethical theories such as deontological ethics, virtue ethics, pragmatic ethics and other consequantialist approaches. While deontological ethics differ from utilitarianism in their disregard for consequantialism, pragmatic, virtue and other consequantialist ethics differ from utilitarianism through their considerable regard of character as an aspect that determines the achievement of pleasurable ethical results. Utilitarianism is arguably the greatest principle that allows achieving happiness and felicity. Even so, the practicability of utilitarianism has not been without shortcomings, such as not accounting adequately for moral concepts such as promise and justice. This had prompted some changes in the theory to iron out the shortcomings. When an individual encounters a situation which requires him or her to make a choice, he or she should first hold back, weigh the situation in terms of appropriate choices, considering the consequences of each choice. On determining the choice that will yield the pleasurable outcomes, one can then proceed to take the course of action, and this could be applicable to the Sole Supplier case. Utili tarian elements that are presented in the case concern obligations, ethics for common good, action consequences, moral good and conflicting interests. For a business rising from scratches, some models of corporate social responsibility emphasize the primacy of the corporation’s economic responsibility to stick to survival while making profits. Other responsibilities, such as abiding by ethical activities that are discretionary, are not a priority (Sun, 2010). Other approaches hold that ethics should come first, so corporations should consider conforming to ethical and legal standards as the most important aspect. In this case, it does not matter whether a business is competitive or not; businesses could still maintain competitiveness or become competitive even while

Services Of A CPA Essay Example for Free

Services Of A CPA Essay Apart from regular functions like auditing the accounts of a company, tax planning, investment planning, a Certified Public Accountant is having multifarious role in these ever-changing corporate climate and this essay reveals some of the new roles assigned to them. CPA’s advising role to Non Profit Organization: CPA can advise the non profit organisations to obtain tax exempt status. CPA’s playing in their role as Non Profit organization’s volunteers, employees, directors, advisors and auditors can provide help to improve NPO governance and transparency. CPAs should consider to ensure that an organization is not in danger of engaging in inurnment or an excess benefit transaction. CAP should advise the NPO’s to shun always from political and lobbying activities so as to retain their exemption status. A CPA can assist NPO’s in establishing strong oversight, governance policies and procedures, accountability and fiscal responsibilities as a director, independent accountant, and employee, volunteer. CPA’s as advisors in Changing Valuation Field: The business valuation field has undergone a remarkable change. The Uniform Standards of Professional appraisal Practice (USPAP) standardized the performance and reporting of the business valuations .The following court rulings Kumbo Tire Company v. Carmichael and Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals have had major ramifications on the field of USPAP. Daubert and Kumbo and the IRS’ regulations on sufficient disclosure on gifts have all poignantly enhanced what had been inconsistent and unreliable valuation practices. Hence CPA having skill, knowledge, experience, education, and training in business valuations can advice in this regard .A CPA runs the hazard of having testimony disqualified, or having a gift of stock pulled back into a decedent’s estate at fair market value years beyond the statute of limitations., if he errs in his valuation technique. CPA’s function in turnarounds: CPA have the experience and training to discover the financial deterioration of a company and factors signifying an incipient financial crisis and they have also talents to serve in keys roles in subsequent corporate turnarounds. The method is characterized by three stages: stabilization, crisis and rebuilding. A CPA can evaluate the financial implications of intermediate, alternate and long-term turnaround plans, supervise controls to achieve proper resource allocation, construct systems, and report turnaround strategy and they are vital in its successful implementation because they are accountable for performing diagnostic reviews and operational audits, preparing documentation and developing systems for internal control and financial reporting. REFERENCES: Claudia L.Kelly, Susan Anderson, (2006), The CPA’s Role in Governance, Accountability and Transparency, The CPA Journal Online, August 2006 Issue. Quintero, Ronald G (1989), The CPA’s role in turnarounds. The CPA Journal online, September, 1989 issue.

Constitutional Convention Essay -- essays research papers

May 25, 1787   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fifty five delegates from twelve of the thirteen states met in Philadelphia today. Rhode Island is the only state of the thirteen that chose not to attend the revising of the Articles of Confederation. Though, after the delegates reviewed the articles, they agreed that they were not worth saving.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The delegates agreed to make a new document, a constitution, that would bring an entirely new type of government. Since they decided to create a new constitution, the meeting is to b e called the Constitutional Convention. The delegates of the Constitutional Convention were not ordinary American people. They were all professionals and businessmen, and they were all white men. More than half of the delegates are under 40. ...

What is the good life?

The article I have selected to summarize for this assignment is titled as ‘The Secret to Happiness’ by David Myers . This article discusses about the beauty and secret to a happy good life. It discusses the goodness of life from different aspects. It suggests that people from different genre ought to think differently about the curve of life and its happiness. According to a survey materialism brings much content and happiness in an individual’s life and a greater amount of people wish they were rich, which proves that money brings happiness to most. Thus suggesting that the source of good life recedes before an individual as he wishes to pursue. The article by David Myers speaks about the twentieth century with reference to people, their lives, and what made them a happier individual: the more rich a person is the more content he is in his life compared to the person who is poor and cannot fulfill his needs. Moreover, a survey was done with different classes of people which included the rich and poor, the young and the old, the children and adults and all were asked to tell their happiest period of life that they would never forget. More than 75% of the answers were materialistic happiness that is they were the most happy when they bought a new car, or a new home, when they found a new job. These were few answers that bought them life lasting satisfaction. Furthermore, writer uses a term known as buyer’s remorse used to describe the let down which occurred purchasing something that doesn’t provide satisfaction was expected off. Therefore, the secret to happiness for long lasting satisfaction is materialism. Though, many may not agree to the fact but it is true that materialism has held its importance in our life that much that it has become a secret of happiness. My Evaluation: What is a good life? A mother says that a good life is to see her children prosper; a father says that a good life is when he’d be able to be the strong man who could support his family; a student would say that a good life is to attain and be a top graded student; a beggar would say that it would be when he’d be able to get bread for his living; a prisoner would say that a good life is when he’ll be a freeman and when a lover is asked the same question as to what is a good life, he would say that a good life is to just have a glimpse of his love of life. Therefore a good life may be different to different people but all we need to do is to be practical and study carefully the options that we are given and choosing the best option among them. A good life is one that is spent in a high pursuit; a life where the energy of love is given most importance than any energy of matter. Thus, to spit away the hatred through the entrance of forgiveness, revealed through love would transform life into a life that is called a good life. A good life can never be spent around until the scent of love and charm may not be imbued in all, with all the strength and passion. We can harness the energy of the winds, the seas, and the sun. But the day a man learns the energy of love, that will be as important as the discovery of fire; and then one will realize what is meant by a good life. A good life is a life of a soldier. The pride and the passion with which a soldier walks with the soul content can’t actually be put to words. The soldier-walks upright and passes his nights waking only because the other million people there are sleeping only because that one soldier wakes and in the war zone hugs all the bullets as his medals. He is happy with all what life has given to him. His firm belief is that the truth or secret of happiness is serving his nation, defending its honor, safeguarding people and sacrificing his life for what he holds most dear to his heart which is his motherland. Thus, he lives and dies as a person with good life. But there also live people who have everything they have in life, everything they want, the women they love, the children, the career, the kind of freedom that is the envy of all friends, the travel, the honors, the pleasure and the praise. But then even their lives are missing something. These are the people who turn into the true hunters of a good life. They are always in search of what the true meaning of happiness is and this pursuit takes up most of their lives. The constant hunger or the dissatisfaction, despite of having everything they require, in them doesn’t let them rest and forces them to go beyond the normal realms to find the thing that will provide them with contentment, satisfaction and happiness. Thus a good life is the beginning of learning about the three most important things in life. First, as soon as people decide to confront a problem, they realize that they are far more capable then they thought they were. Second, all energy and all the knowledge came from the same unknown source that we usually call the God. All one has to do is to believe in the paths, to honor what one wishes to do and to honor that energy. To connect up with it every day, to allow oneself to be guided by the signs and to learn by doing and not by thinking about doing is what is important for the person. And third may lie on the observation that a good life is considered to be worse due to the sufferings we face. One should always remember that no one is alone in their troubles; there is always someone else thinking, rejoicing or suffering in the same way and that gives us strength to confront the challenge before us, to fight by moving the heavens and the earth to make a good life. A good life is always confronted by sufferings but in order to turn out those sufferings one must learn that if there is suffering then its best to accept it, because it won’t go away just because you pretend it’s not there. If there is joy then it is best to accept it too, even though you are afraid it might end one day. Some people can only relate life through sacrifice and renunciation. Some people can only feel part of humanity when they think they are happy and leading a good life. But a good life is good when a person is self satisfied. Nothing in the world can replace this one factor which is the only key to a better life. A good life may further be best analyzed by this Mongolian myth in which there are two characters. A doe and a wild dog that come together, two beings are very different natures: in the wild, the dog would normally kill the deer for food. In the Mongolian myth they both understand that they each need the qualities of the other if they are to survive in a hostile world and that they should, therefore join forces. To do this they must first learn to love. And in order to love they must cease to be who they are, otherwise they will never be able to live together. With the passing of time, the wild dog comes to accept that his instinct, always focused on the struggle to survive, now serves a grater purpose; finding someone who he can rebuild the world, who he can pass his life which is termed as not life itself as alone but rather a good life. Thus in all accordance life is what we choose to be, whether alone or with people we love, happy or unhappy, satisfied or unsatisfied. The key to it is to decide what we actually want and with that self actualization comes the true essence and meaning of happiness.

Political Economy Essay

Approaches to study of Politics Falls under Political Science We’re made to do the impossible Summary 1 paragraph will do. Provide the insight -Data -Theory used -approach used – use other references to prove your point 3 x 5 Surname all caps first name email address mobile number On approach deals with different meaning of politics Political Science What is Politics & its scope ? Banned words Politics is dirt Politics is nothing more than a means of rising in the world Samuel Johnson Systematic organization of hatred Henry Adams Art of governing mankind by deceiving them. BASIS of POLITICS Intellect and Will Man Capable of Thinking Politics as a rational activity Man has the capacity to think and realize his wants, needs and interest which are potentially in conflict with others’ wants, needs, and interests. Man cannot survive on its own. He needs someone else Politics as a social activity 2 or more persons Politics as a social activity 2 or more persons Associate with society Politics is concerned with social dynamics. POLITICS AS THE ART OF GOVt What concerns the state Study of government and exercise of authority Authoritative allocation of social values Framework Definition does not provide David Easton Authoritative binding to all Allocation done by the government Social Values anything held important by society budget allocation, privatization, elections Henry Mayo 3 characteristics that separate the political from non-poitical Politics is focused on the governing function through which are: Limitation on Easton on Mayo’s concept of Politics POLITICS DOES NOT ONLY HAPPEN IN THE GOVERNMENT POLTICS AS PUBLIC AFFAIRS State DIFFERENCE OF GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS PUBLIC PRIVATE State Civil Society Institutions of the State ( apparatus of government, infrastructure, economy, taxes Autonomous bodies (family, kinship groups, private businesses, trade unions Funded at the public’s Expense Set up and funded by individual citizens Responsible for the collective organization of community life Responsible for the satisfaction of own interests rather than the interest of the larger society. Private with this definition EX: RH Bill It should not be affair of the government. Public Sphere vs Private Sphere Restricted to the acitivites of the state itself and the responsibilities that are properly exercised by public bodies Politics should not meddle on personal affairs and institutions POLITICS AS COMPROMISE & CONSESUS A daily activity in which differing interests within a given unity of rule are conciliated by giving them a share in power in proportion to their role in the welfare and the survival of the community Bernard Crick Everything will just be fine – for no matter big or small the dispute is, at the end of the day we will just arrive in a compromise. Assumption: Conflict is inevitable Resolving conflict through compromise conciliation and negotiation, rather than violence and coercion. Not limited to government POLITICS IS INEVITABLE LINKED TO THE PHENOMENA OF CONFLICT & COOPERATION Politics as master science Why Make use other things to make things in order. Existence of rival opinions- conflict People recognize that they have to work with others cooperation Hannah Arendt- Acting in Concert Otto Von Bismarck- Politics is the art of the possible. POWER AS POWER & DISTRIBUTION OF RESOURCES What is power? X has power over Y insofar as Robert Dahl X is able, in one way or another, to get Y to do something That is more to X’s liking And which Y would not otherwise have done. Faces of Power As decision-making – you shape there decisions As agenda setting – You are preventing the person to make a decision As thought control- You are imposing your preference in an indirect or subtle way. Definition of Politics through POWER and allocation of resources FIND THE FOLLOWING QUOTES OF FAMOUS SCIENTISTS Adrian Leftwich- Politics is at the heart of all collective social activity, formal and informal, public and private, in all human groups, institutions and societies. Harold Lasswell Politics is, in essence power: the ability to achieve a desired outcome, through whatever means. Kate Millett â€Å"Politics is a power-structured relationships, arrangements whereby one group of persons is controlled by another. â€Å"POLITICS†- as the constrained use of social power. Robert Goodin & Hans- Dieter Klingemann Constrained because there are already laws establish. Politics takes place in all social activities; politics happen at every level of social interaction Politics concern production, distribution and use of resources in the course of social existence. -Ability to achieve a desired outcome, through whatever means . Approaches to the study of Politics Ontology- the nature of being Epistemology -How do you know what we know? Theoretical – concept & idea Empirical- Evidence, observation History- both theory and experience Methodology – How do we exactly know what we know

Free Essays on 1984

pop1984 vs. Brave New World By: Laura F In Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Huxley’s Brave New World, the authoritative figures strive for freedom, peace, and stability for all, to develop a utopian society. The Utopian society strives for a perfect state of well-being for all persons in the community, and over-emphasizes this factor, where no person is exposed to the reality of the world. As each novel progresses we see that neither society possesses family values nor attempts to practice them. Neither are passionate nor creative in factors such as love, language, history and literature. Our society today, in general, is unsure about the future: The nightmare of total organization has emerged from the safe, remote future and is now awaiting us, just around the next corner. It follows inexorably from having so many people. This quotes represents Watts’ fear for the future; George Orwell and Aldous Huxley both explore the future state of civilization in their novels. They both warn us of the dangers of a totalitarian society. Both books express a utopian ideal, examine characters that are forced into this state and are compelled to dealing with this society and all the rules involved. The impracticality of the utopian ideal is explored in Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Huxley’s Brave New World. Both authors suggest that a lack of familial bonds, the repression of human individuality, and the repression of artistic and creative endeavors in order to attain a stable environment renders the achievement of a perfect state unrealistic. The lack of familial bonds, in both novels, contributes to the development of a dystopian society. This lack of familial bonds is evident through genetic engineering, the use of names, and a commonly used drug, soma. One of the first mentionings of family in Brave New World is when the main character, Bernard, asks the Controller, the ultimate leader, about the past and why their society doe... Free Essays on 1984 Free Essays on 1984 George Orwell’s 1984: Good Totalitarian Government 1984 is a book about George Orwell’s deepest darkest fear of a government with control over very aspect of society, including people’s thoughts and total control over their lives. I argue that Totalitarian government is shown as a positive government through the novel 1984. In 1984 George Orwell portrays a character named Big Brother, who is in total control of his country Oceania. One way Orwell portrays positive totalitarian government through Big Brother is that there are posters of Big Brother throughout the city of London. These Posters are a positive image of a positive leader. These posters of Big Brother are used throughout the novel to make sure that the citizens can actually see the face of their leader; in a positive way. Another way Big Brother represents positive totalitarian government is the fact that sice the citizens have to make no decisions. They have to make no decisions, so all stress and anxiety over decision making is removed from their lives, th is makes their lives relatively easy. Finally the fact that Big Brother controls everything means that there is no crime, because no citizen can think of committing a crime. â€Å"Totalitarianism is a modern autocratic government in which the state involves itself in all facets of society, including the daily life of its citizens. A totalitarian government seeks to control not only all economic and political matters but the attitudes, values, and beliefs of its population, erasing the distinction between state and society. The citizen’s duty to the state becomes the primary concern of the community, and the goal of the state is the replacement of existing society with a perfect society† (Columbia Encyclopedia/Totalitarianism). In 1984 there are posters of Big Brother posted up everywhere, so that Big Brother can be portrayed in a positive way. In chapter one as the character Winston smith is first intr... Free Essays on 1984 pop1984 vs. Brave New World By: Laura F In Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Huxley’s Brave New World, the authoritative figures strive for freedom, peace, and stability for all, to develop a utopian society. The Utopian society strives for a perfect state of well-being for all persons in the community, and over-emphasizes this factor, where no person is exposed to the reality of the world. As each novel progresses we see that neither society possesses family values nor attempts to practice them. Neither are passionate nor creative in factors such as love, language, history and literature. Our society today, in general, is unsure about the future: The nightmare of total organization has emerged from the safe, remote future and is now awaiting us, just around the next corner. It follows inexorably from having so many people. This quotes represents Watts’ fear for the future; George Orwell and Aldous Huxley both explore the future state of civilization in their novels. They both warn us of the dangers of a totalitarian society. Both books express a utopian ideal, examine characters that are forced into this state and are compelled to dealing with this society and all the rules involved. The impracticality of the utopian ideal is explored in Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Huxley’s Brave New World. Both authors suggest that a lack of familial bonds, the repression of human individuality, and the repression of artistic and creative endeavors in order to attain a stable environment renders the achievement of a perfect state unrealistic. The lack of familial bonds, in both novels, contributes to the development of a dystopian society. This lack of familial bonds is evident through genetic engineering, the use of names, and a commonly used drug, soma. One of the first mentionings of family in Brave New World is when the main character, Bernard, asks the Controller, the ultimate leader, about the past and why their society doe... Free Essays on 1984 1984 by George Orwell (1903 - 1950) Type of Work: Futuristic, cautionary novel Setting London, in the mythical country of Oceania; 1984 (in the future) Principal Characters Winston Smith, a rebel against society Julia, his lover Mr. Charrington, an elderly antique shop owner O'Brien, the only member of the Inner Party Winston trusts Story Overview As Winston Smith entered his apartment building, he passed a familiar poster. "It was one of those pictures which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about when you move. BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath it ran." Then Winston opened the door to his flat to be greeted by a voice on his "telescreen" - a device he could dim, but never shut off completely. Telescreens broadcasted government propaganda and served as the eyes and ears of the Thought Police, who scrutinized everyone for any possible deviation from acceptable thought or action. In the flat was a tiny alcove just out of sight from the telescreen's vision. Winston sat down to write in his diary, an act that was not officially illegal "but if detected it was reasonably certain that it would be punished by death . . . " While he sat writing, a recent memory stirred in his mind; the "Two Minutes Hate," a government-sponsored work break in which every worker at the Ministry of Truth was required to participate, had consisted that day of an interlude when everyone raged and screamed as the telescreen alternately flashed images of enemy Eurasian soldiers and Goldstein, an abhorred traitor. That morning, Winston had noticed a "bold-looking girl of about twenty-six" who worked in the Fiction Department. This particular girl - wearing the bright scarlet sash of the official anti-sex league - gave him "the impression of being more dangerous than most," and Winston had that unnerving feeling that she was watching him. A few days later, Winston walked through the working-class "prole" neighborhood to the... Free Essays on 1984 In 1948 Eric Blair, better known as George Orwell, wrote a book with chilling insights into the future, 1984. This book did quite a number on the literate world. People who have read this book have had mixed reactions, from fear to hatred of our governmental system. However, 1984 came and went, and no signs of the tales told in the book were realized by the mass- population. There is no Ingsoc, there are no helicopters looking into windows. Most people have written this book off as a good science fiction work. However, this book should NOT be written off, for it has been realized, and is far worse and more subtle than Orwell could ever have imagined. Modern technology is great, however in the wrong hands it can be a dangerous weapon of mass destruction, and worse yet, mass control. In 1984 Orwell showed a world in which the people are under the control of the government through surveillance. Thought Police watch the people through telescreens, microphones and helicopters. Many people do not believe this will come true because they do not see it happening. However, if you look at the current state of technology you will easily see that it is being used, and that it is easier than ever. Many private companies are using these systems to watch both their property and their employees. Surveillance devices have become so small that it is now possible to make a camera and a microphone fit into a very small hole in the wall. Some companies are selling cameras disguised as smoke detectors. Police admittedly use small microphones as 'wires' to get confessions in undercover operations. It is entirely conceivable that the government could be watching us now. Perhaps, though only on a small scale. The "Internet" is the newest buzz word running around, and with it comes new controversies over online surveillance. The people watching probably would not go directly into your account, that would be as illegal as entering your private... Free Essays on 1984 Is Big Brother watching you too? Ever Since George Orwell wrote the novel, 1984, an ominous prediction of the world’s future, people have been finding that his novel is not as far-fetched as it seemed. It is a society controlled by â€Å"Big Brother† and the Party, who know and watch all. The lack of privacy these days is making us feel like we should be hiding like the Winston: By sitting in the alcove, and keeping well back, Winston was able to remain outside the range of the telescreen, so far as sight went. He could be heard, of course, but so long as he stayed in his present position he could not be seen (9). Due to new technology, and new kinds of crime, the government and other organizations are coming up with more and more ways to watch people, very similar to the ideas in Orwell’s novel. One place where privacy is a rare occurrence is the Internet. People enter in personal data, such as their names, addresses, and credit card numbers, and this leads to more frauds than you can imagine. A lot of Internet companies have been scamming people and even selling off their personal information. Luckily, Congress and online privacy groups such as the Online Privacy Alliance are taking action. This year, the 106th Congress has passed over 200 new bills concerning privacy. (Meeks) Despite the reflection of â€Å"Big Brother,† there is actually a strong law that protects your personal information collected by the federal government. Not surprisingly, the federal government is the largest collector of personal information and you have the most to lose should government-maintained information be accessed in some way. The Privacy Act was passed in 1974, and has been added to many times since then to keep up with modern methods and technology. People can access any personal information about themselves that government agencies hold, such as educational, criminal, or medical records. However, just because we can ac... Free Essays on 1984 1984, by George Orwell, is a story of a man's struggle against a totalitarian government that controls the ideas and thoughts of its citizens. The major subject that Orwell puts across is quite obvious throughout the book. He wants to warn people what can happen when the government is given too much power. He wants to show how such governments can develop, and what methods they use to keep the people they are governing in their power. Communication, personal beliefs, and individual loyalty to the government are all controlled by the Inner Party which governs the people of Oceania in order to keep them from rebelling. They use advanced mind reading techniques to discover the thoughts of the people and punish those who show signs of rebellion against the government. The novel is supposed to be a prophetic story; however, it was somewhat wrong in predicting the date when this government will rein. Orwell uses description of technology to show how the government controlled its’ citizens. In the novel, televisions are in most homes and all over the streets. The use of telescreens is an important physical element. It watches citizens, gives war news, music, political speeches and messages from Big Brother. Orwell uses an omniscient character, Big Brother, to show how powerful the government is. Although he is seen on telescreens and his pictures glare out on huge posters that say â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU,† nobody actually sees him in person. This was used to let the people know that no matter where they go they could not escape the watching eyes of the controlling government. â€Å"Newspeak† is used to stress connections between language, thought and power. Orwell tells us that nobody will be able to commit unwanted acts or think bad thoughts because actions cannot exist without language to describe or define them. It includes words for everyday activities like eating, drinking, and working. It contains simple nouns and verbs wi... Free Essays on 1984 We are in a world of uncertainty and we can only guess and make predictions about what tomorrow will bring us. The book 1984 by George Orwell, was written in 1949 with his predictions about the future in 1984, thirty five years later. The part that interested me the most was where Orwell explains how we will no longer think on our own and that our thoughts and emotions would be controlled by the "thought police" for example. It was interesting to read about what a person thought in the past about today’s society and read how some of the predictions came true. Freedom was taken away from everyone, they did what they were told and they had to obey, or harsh punishments would take place. A question that Winston asked was "are you treated more like a human being?" (Pg. 77), And they were not treated like human beings it was as if they were like robots not even being able to think on their own, programmed to think and do what they do. Had this prediction that he had made come true? Or would it ever come true? No, is the answer to these question . To this very day we have freedom and have our own thoughts, could this ever happen in the future? I don’t think this will ever occur, we will not be controlled by others and have our original thoughts taken away. The "thought police" will never exist either, I say this because I don’t think there is a power high enough to make people ignore their thoughts or feelings. If this did ever happen this man would be so truly inhuman that mankind itself would destroy each other or die out of bor edom . "Never again will you be capable of ordinary human feeling. Everything will be dead inside you. Never again will you be capable of love, or friendship, or joy of living, or laughter, or curiosity, or courage, or integrity. You will be hallow. We shall squeeze you empty, and then we shall fill you with ourselves." (Pg. 211). What they were doing was dehumanizing man completely. Orwell might have thought... Free Essays on 1984 On a day in April in 1984, a man named Winston Smith comes home, to his apartment in a nearly condemed building. He is thirty-nine years old, it is painful for him to get up the stairs because he has a varicose ulcer above his right ankle. The elevator in his building is always out of service. As he climbs the staircase, he sees on each flight, a poster depicting an enormous face, below are the words â€Å"big brother is watchhing you.†. Winston is a low-level official in the Party. Winston is a member of the higher class, but his life is still under the conrol of the party. In his apartment there is telescreen, it displays random information that the party decides to give the public. Winston keeps his back to the screen, so as not to be seen, for they could be watching him at any moment, or maybe not. From a hidden drawer, winston pulls out a small diary. He found the diary in a store in the prole's district. Winston begins to write in his diary. He writes down about the film s he watched the night before. He looks down and realizes that he has written â€Å"down with big brother† over and over again in his diary. The next day winston opens the door, assuming that the thought police arrived to arrest him. He opens the door and see's that it is only Mrs. parsons, she needs help with the plumbing. Back in his apartment, winston remembers a dream in which a man’s voice’s said, â€Å"We shall meet in the place where there is no darkness.† That night he dreams of a place called the golden country, where the darkhaired girl, that he despises for her abstinence, takes off her clothes an act that destroys the whole Party. A high pitched whistle sounds from the telescreen, a signal that office workers must wake up. Winston thinks about oceania’s history with other countries in the world. According to official history, oceania has always been at war with Eurasia and in alliance with Eastasia. Winston knows that the records have been changed... Free Essays on 1984 1984, George Orwell, New American Library a division of Penguin Putnam inc., New York, New York, Copyright 1949, 272 pages, fiction. â€Å"Big Brother,† a symbol that represents the 1984 government in Oceania (what used to be England) has absolute power over its citizens, and even monitors thoughts. Winston Smith hates this and attempts rebellion with his love, Julia, and the Brotherhood, but is simply tricked by O’Brien, an inner party member. The book is divided into chapters, which tie into each other by continuing on previous chapters and advancing the plot. These chapters make up three books (book one, book two, and book three). Each book is a different section of the plot. There were not any pictures, but there were large bolded statements like â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU,† which were used in order to show the importance of these statements and the fear that they bring. I do not think that there should have been any pictures because it is easy to visualize with all of the description. The author wrote this book as a projection of what was going to occur in the future. He wanted to satire what was going on at the time with wars and to denounce communism as well. It is worthwhile because it would be fun to predict the future and make up obscene fantasies about what you think it could be like based on how things are at the present. The author is trying to make the points that sometimes governments take it too far with their power over its citizens, and also at the same time how easily people can be persuaded to believe many things. For instance, the inner party constantly changes Oceania’s state of peace by announcing â€Å"Oceania has always been at war with Eurasia and allies with Eastasia," while the next week they may announce the opposite, and the people believe whatever they say because of the concept the inner party created, called doublethink. I thought that this was funny that people could be brainwa... Free Essays on 1984 1984, by George Orwell, is a story of a man's struggle against a totalitarian government that controls the ideas and thoughts of its citizens. The major subject that Orwell puts across is quite obvious throughout the book. He wants to warn people what can happen when the government is given too much power. He wants to show how such governments can develop, and what methods they use to keep the people they are governing in their power. Communication, personal beliefs, and individual loyalty to the government are all controlled by the Inner Party which governs the people of Oceania in order to keep them from rebelling. They use advanced mind reading techniques to discover the thoughts of the people and punish those who show signs of rebellion against the government. The novel is supposed to be a prophetic story; however, it was somewhat wrong in predicting the date when this government will rein. Orwell uses description of technology to show how the government controlled its’ citizens. In the novel, televisions are in most homes and all over the streets. The use of telescreens is an important physical element. It watches citizens, gives war news, music, political speeches and messages from Big Brother. Orwell uses an omniscient character, Big Brother, to show how powerful the government is. Although he is seen on telescreens and his pictures glare out on huge posters that say â€Å"BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU,† nobody actually sees him in person. This was used to let the people know that no matter where they go they could not escape the watching eyes of the controlling government. â€Å"Newspeak† is used to stress connections between language, thought and power. Orwell tells us that nobody will be able to commit unwanted acts or think bad thoughts because actions cannot exist without language to describe or define them. It includes words for everyday activities like eating, drinking, and working. It contains simple nouns and verbs wi... Free Essays on 1984 In the classic novel 1984, George Orwell explains how a government can abuse the power, which it has obtained. â€Å"Big Brother,† the government of Oceania, that controls the society in which the protagonist Winston Smith dwells, has complete control over every aspect of his everyday life. Orwell could see the makings of a totalitarian government in the rise of authority in Hitler, Franco, and Stalin. Each of these dictators sought to change society and â€Å"control the world.† Although the novel was published in 1949, Orwell was not trying to predict the future; rather his purpose was to warn against the possibilities of a totalitarian government. The government was able to control the very actions of its people by the use of telescreens. Telescreens were in every room of every home and on the streets. These screens allowed for the government to constantly watch and hear every sound or move someone made and, indeed, every movement was scrutinized. One morning, while doing his â€Å"Physical Jerks,† Winston was not putting forth good effort, and the instructor over the telescreen ordered him to do better (Orwell 34). This provides evidence that there were people watching at every moment, and one must do as one was told. Orwell said that, by being able to see one’s every action, the government could more easily control those actions, and thereby control the citizens of the society as well as the society itself. Through the use of literary devices such as imagery, Orwell portrayed the environment around Winston quite vividly. Orwell appealed to every sense to bring the reader into the story and to portray the almost limitless control a totalitarian government might obtain. For example, the government named everything â€Å"Victory,† including Victory Gin, Victory Coffee, and Victory Cigarettes. The items, however, were anything but a victory. Winston explained that, â€Å"The Victory Gin tastes like nitric acid and after s... Free Essays on 1984 The effects of Winston’s brainwashing What has happened to society? George Orwell has written a powerful book about power hungry people of today want to do what ever they want to do ever they want. Oceania is a society of constant brainwashing. Winston was unfortunately a victim of brainwashing. What effect did brainwashing have on him. The brainwashing has effected his daily routine, his thought process, and his attitude toward people. Winston’s whole daily routine was changed. He used to wake up early in the morning and exercise. After that he would go to the Ministry of Love and work as much as 30 hours. Then he usually rode the tube station home. At home he ended the day by drinking his gin. Since his brain washing he woke up at about 11:00 a.m. worked for about 3 hours. After work instead of going home he went to the Chestnut to drink his gin and play chess. At the cafà © his cup of gin was constantly being refilled. He was brainwashed into spending time in the in the cafà ©. A perfect example of this is when he thinks to himself. "Chestnut Cafà ©, which had never seemed attractive as at this moment. He had a nostalgic vision of his corner table, with the newspaper and the chessboard and the ever flowing gin." Orwell 241 he was brainwashed to into going into the cafà © for two reasons. So that he will constantly be in public so he won’t have time to think by himself. To keep him drunk so in his free time he will not be capable of thinking straight. As one can see, the brainwashing affected his daily routine. Not only did brainwashing effect his daily routine. Not only did brainwashing effect his daily routine but it also has effected his thought process. Winston’s thought significant signs of change. His love attraction he ha for Julia had changed. when he saw Julia for the first time since the brainwashing he almost walked right by her. He began to follow her with on fear of being watched. He no longer saw her beauty.... Free Essays on 1984 The Suppression of Love and Eroticism in 1984 â€Å"We are never so helplessly unhappy as when we lose love,† (Sigmund Freud). Throughout life, there are searches of meaning, belonging, and most importantly, love. Being in love with someone and sharing yourself and your life gives an overwhelming sense of completeness. If you live your life without love, compassion, or desire there is not much to look forward too – life would be lonely. In 1984, Big Brother’s manipulative control over the way of life in Oceania suppresses society’s and Winston Smith’s ability to find love and express sexual desire. Big Brother could not control men and women from developing â€Å"loyalties† between one another; however, its undeclared purpose was to completely abolish all the pleasure, meaning, and emotion from the sexual act. The Party made great efforts to psychologically manipulate the people into doing as they say. Many restrictions and regulations made it practically impossible for anyone to even consider going against the Party. First of all, if a couple wanted to get married they would have had to have it approved by an appointed committee. In short, if the committee thought that there was the least bit of physical attraction between the couple, the marriage would be rejected. â€Å"Not love so much as eroticism was the enemy, inside marriages as well as outside it,† (Orwell 57). The purpose of marriage was strictly to procreate for the service of Big Brother, not to unite the love of two people, and for children to eventually turn in their .........

Article Case Law Essays

Article Case Law Essays Article Case Law Essay Article Case Law Essay University of Phoenix| Article/Case Law Search Paper| Tuberculosis-Critical Regulatory Issue| | | July 19, 2010 Article/Case Law Search Paper A critical regulatory issue in health care is a really broad subject and will always be discussed and debated on. According to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, â€Å"TB is an airborne, communicable disease caused by infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infection occurs typically when a person inhales microscopic droplet nuclei containing viable bacteria, usually acquired as a result of droplet nuclei spread through coughing or sneezing by persons who have infectious TB. (Brennan, 2007) Despite the inception of modern treatments and public health interventions, tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health threat in the U. S. and abroad in the twenty-first century. The challenge of controlling TB in its traditional and new multidrug-resistant forms requires public health agencies at the federal, tribal , state, and local levels to develop and apply new tools. Among these tools is the use of law in support of efforts to effectively control cases of TB. In May of 2005, the World Health Organization initiated for Vaccine Research. This research was arranged to develop into a meeting of regulators, investigators, and clinicians from different countries that are in the process of developing or countries that have already been developed. Their main cause was to initiate tuberculosis vaccine regulation and research. The discussion that was made in this assembly was of the regulatory challenges for testing and introducing investigative TB vaccines into country where the disease is widespread. A particular focus of this meeting was a discussion among representatives of regulatory authorities from the Developing Countries Vaccine Regulators Network (DCVRN) with those of the United Kingdom and the United States about the important challenges that each regulatory agency will need to address if effective new TB vaccines are to be registered in their countries. The DCVRN is a new WHO initiative establishing a network of vaccine regulators from nine countries: Brazil, China, Cuba, the Republic of South Korea, India, Indonesia, the Russian Federation, South Africa, and Thailand. It provides a forum for discussion, advancement of knowledge, and exposure to policies and procedures pertaining to evaluation of clinical trial proposals and clinical trial data. † (Brennan, 2007) As new and improved vaccines are created, it is a huge benefit for those countries that are in need of the vaccine and the outbreaks that they experience very frequently. Regulatory authorities in developed countries may come into a problem with lack of adequate experience with the disease burden of the target and other associated diseases. Also, these regulatory agencies may be unfamiliar with the medical treatment norms in countries with a high number of people who have TB. Given that there are these difficulties, there would be a huge beneficial to the TB community if there was partnership between regulatory authorities worldwide. There are many things that need to be addressed during the development of effective new TB vaccines. The things that need to be addressed are the preclinical and clinical portion of development. Clinical practices that address the challenges need to be established for the regulatory agencies involved in new candidate TB vaccine development. Such practices should be part of building the regulatory capacity in these countries while addressing the different risk/benefit perspectives that are appropriate for disease-endemic countries. † (Brennan, 2007) Reviewing the results conducted to determine where the need of TB vaccines is considered necessary most in each region is crucial. The determination will help Scientists and Doctors know which Country they must resort to in testing for that region. With all the screening of individuals across the world and new tests being conducted every day, TB has become according to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – through its Division of Tuberculosis Elimination (DTBE) and its Public Health Law Program (PHLP) – has identified TB to be a major global health problem. Legal preparedness has been established to help control the many public health threats, including TB. Benjamin, Moulton 2008) Despite significant efforts in many jurisdictions to enhance legal preparedness for TB control, legal issues continue to arise. These issues may stem from the application of existing TB and other communicable disease control laws that are dated, incomplete, or vague. (Gostin, Burris, Lazzarini 1999) In other instances, reliance on general communicable disease laws creates potential for litigation because they do not always provide sufficient guidance on how to balance individual rights with public health measures designed to control TB. Even with the numbers growing with this horrible disease, our Scientists are very determined to make sure all tests and individuals are protected by law. It is very important that one may continue to track, update, and inform the Scientists of the laws to protect the testing being conducted and to ensure that everyone is receiving the appropriate care. One may believe that there may be a cure for the millions of people across the world affected with this disease, and we must let the opportunities of the testing continue in order to see the results. References Benjamin GC and Moulton AD. Public Health Legal Preparedness: A Framework for Action. Journal of Law, Medicine amp; Ethics 2008; 36(S1): 13-17. Brennan, Michael J. August 2007. Development of New Tuberculosis Vaccines: A Global Perspective on Regulatory Issues. Retrieved from PLOS Medicine. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC1939860/#box2 Gostin LO, Burris S, Lazzarini Z. The Law and the Public’s Health: a study of infectious disease law in the United States. Colum. L. Rev. 1999;99:59-128.

Secular Work in the Religious Market

Secular Work in the Religious Market Do you believe that religious magazines such as Catholic Digest, Mature Years Magazine and Parenting Teens only want religious material? Think again. Believe it or not, many religious magazines downplay theology, leaving that to theologians. Many religious magazines want general-interest articles that appeal to both the churched and unchurched. For example, a recent issue of Todays Christian Woman had an article titled â€Å"A Worn-Out Womans Guide to Good Sleep,† while Jewish magazine Tikkun publishes literary fiction and poetry. This means lots of opportunities for freelancers. Here are five tips to crack religious markets with secular material: 1. First, find magazines that you enjoy reading and study the content. Writing for religious markets involves the same process as writing for secular markets. Just like what you do with secular publications such as Time, Wired, and, yes, The Christian Science Monitor, study the themes and style of the articles in religious magazines. Some magazines are conservative, some are liberal. Just like you wouldnt submit social-justice pieces to Mature Living Magazine, you wouldnt submit travel pieces to Sojourners Magazine. 2. Submit either unusual or evergreen material. In addition to attracting nonbelievers, religious magazines want to entertain. So submit material that only you can create, or submit evergreen materials on health, family and holiday traditions. For example, I cracked a Catholic family magazine 3. Keep it family friendly. Submit unusual material, but dont forget that religious magazines, both conservative and liberal, have their limits. For example, a how-to on having a Fifty Shades of Grey type of relationship will definitely get rejected. Religious magazines prefer subjects that are appropriate for both adults and children. 4. Let the pastor, rabbi or imam talk about God. While religious magazines steer clear of explicit sexual content, they also reject journalistic work thats too parochial. In other words, dont sprinkle your work with religious jargon. Most religious magazines want to attract both believers and nonbelievers, so they steer clear of work that may offend non-religious sensibilities. For example, magazines like Guideposts have wholesome themes, but go lightly on using words like God and the Bible. Read your potential publication to get a feel for their particular style. 5. Prepare to wait a short time . . . or a long time. Depending on the circulation of the magazine, and its popularity among professional and non-professional writers, waiting for a response may take days, weeks or months. Read submission guidelines to get an idea of how long editors hold your query or submission. Here are five religious markets currently seeking writers. Call the magazine or Google-search to find out the name of managing editor. Todays Christian Woman todayschristianwoman.com/help/writers-guidelines/todays-christian-woman-writers-guidelines.html Childrens Ministry Magazine group.com/customer-support/submissions America http://americamagazine.org/contact/submissions Insight Magazine insightmagazine.org/guidelines/ Tikkun tikkun.org/nextgen/submission-guidelines

MGT 302 MOD 2 CA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MGT 302 MOD 2 CA - Essay Example Based on the various explanations that the author has provided for each of these successful women, one common aspect among all of these ladies is that each of them uses either one of the five forms of power as explained by French and Raven (Changing Minds). Here in order to effectively compare each of these successful ladies, the paper will detail their style and method adopted individually. This will provide a complete overview of each of their styles and will also provide a clear comparison of the styles adopted by each of them. Individual Analysis: Here each individual will be analysed individually. This will help give a clear idea of the style used by the individual and will help gain a clearer difference among all the ladies. Sharon Patrick clearly uses the Coercive power as her mode of gaining real power in her work place. This she uses to gain the power and to also gain an upper hand when compared to her male counterparts. Sharon has shown the strength and confidence that she has and has used this power to her benefit (Muoio). Linda Chavez-Thompson as well uses her coercive power to deal with her work place. Considering her role this is an ideal power to use to keep in complete control in the work place. It is however essential to note here that her style is apt for her job. Linda Chavez-Thompson however does have a mixed role of coercive as well as expert power. She shows here expertise and used this to move up to the current position. Jessica Bibliowicz on the other hand, unlike the other ladies uses the reward power as her tool to gain the real power within the company (Brooks). This she believes is the best method to get the work done and is her secret to success. Janice Gjertsen uses a combination of the legitimate and referent power. Her ideas are clear and unlike the others she focuses on being herself to best extent and to keep up the characteristics of a true women rather than trying to be someone else all together. Katherine D'Urso unlike all t he above mentioned ladies focuses on the legitimate power. She is clear with her goals and does not believe in asking for help, but in doing things in the right manner from the beginning (Muoio). She follows rules and ensures that all the work in line with law. Michelle Bernard is a person who uses legitimate and referent power. She has had her goals and an aim set down firm and is clear in her mind of what she aims at achieving. Her style of leadership is more transactional in nature. Harriet Rubin follows the style of referent power. This proves to be effective as she works in an industry which is led by men. She clearly adopts a transformational style for herself and tries to blend herself to the market as that is the only sure shot manner of being a part of the industry and gaining a strong position in the company (Muoio). Kathryn Gould is among the few who follows a different approach at the work place. She has adopted a charismatic leadership. She uses her natural charisma to reach out to the people and to get work completed. Her style of leadership is clearly very different from the rest. Sara Levinson has shown a very different form of leadership. She uses a participative leadership style and is focused on developing a strong team with the involvement of all. For instance here in this case of what type of leadership she uses, she consulted here team (Mullins). This is clearly a participative leadership style. Kathy Kane-Zweber uses a coercive form of leadership for her work

Individual Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Individual Report - Essay Example Money management is the process of being a custodian of one’s finances by knowing where today’s finances are being spent, and drawing a well thought out plan showing where one wants this money to go. Therefore, it calls for one to be well organized; have set goals, which would gear this investment to success; have a track of one’s spending by putting in place a realistic budget, and above all have a well thought-out savings strategy (Ryan and Deci 2004). Before this course, I was particularly naive and could not have understood how to effectively make an investment decision or understand the significance of making various investment considerations that I have learnt so far. Having known how to make various considerations that affect performance of an investment portfolio, I can now comfortably put up an investment plan (Milevsky 2001). One of the most important principles of investment I have learnt is how to diversify and manage risks. I have become conscious of the essence of the old adage goes â€Å"do not put all your eggs in the same basket†, I have realized how risky it can be to concentrate on a single or a few investments especially those whose rate of return is very high in the short-term but very risky. For example, in my individual investment, I combined risky high return stocks with low return but less risky stocks such that it becomes hard to loss substantially when some of the investments perform poorly in the future (Little 2012). In my portfolio, even though Microsoft generated negative returns, I was still able to realize a positive annualized return of 11.52%, primarily because Berkshire Hathaway performed well and watered down that loss (Kapur and Orszag 1999). The idea here is, since investment involves risk, one way of managing this risk is by spreading one’s portfolio across an array of stocks, with different characteristics. The preliminary portfolio that I had selected included a number of companies tha t operate in different industries, markets and regions as well as dealing with different products; such that each company possessed a distinctive level and nature of risk. Selecting of portfolio from such a diversified field is a way of ensuring the investment plan is well-balanced. In the same measure, I found it important to define the amount of each stock one should buy and hold depending on the company’s current performance, the level of risk and future expectations (Smith 2009). Ideally, in the analysis that I did as well as the one we did as groups, some stocks were clearly generating negative returns. Examples include Microsoft and Kazakhmy among many others. At first, I thought it is completely useless to hold stocks that have negative returns currently, but I have come to change this view because I have learnt to put my eye on the long-term cash flows. Short-term mindset coupled with a lot of trading and market timing is a strategy I would not like to undertake in th e future. I have come to realize that I can make profits progressively by focusing on many years to come and by sticking on my stock investment goals. More long-term financial strategies, along proper diversification can be a surprise to an investor because I have come to realize that, even though a certain stock could be generating losses in the short-term, things may change in future hence leading to huge returns. I have actually become more focused on forecasting a company’

Monopolies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Monopolies - Essay Example However the others were considered of poor quality by Microsoft. There then arose a question of whether Microsoft had altered its applications to favor internet explorer over other browsers. The defendant was also accused of forming restrictive licensing agreements with other original equipment manufacturers which was a bad code of conduct. In its defense, Microsoft argued that Microsoft windows and internet explorer were combined so as to enhance innovation and competition therefore, the two became a same product which facilitated consumers to get all the benefits of internet explorer free of charge. This was contrary to the plaintiffs who argued that the browser was a distinct product which did not require combination with the operating system. Monopoly market structure is a market in which there is a single supplier of a product (Boyes & Melvin, 2008). The firm is referred to as a monopolist and its product has no close substitutes. Boyes & Melvin further pointed out that† a firm that has monopoly power is a price maker rather than a price taker† (p.567). The characteristic here is that it sets the price of the product and the marginal revenue will be less than the prices for monopolies firm hence the downward slopping demand curve. Moreover, in this case, Microsoft altered internet explorer to be favored and to be socially preferred by many users over other browsers in the market. Consequently, when a single big firm’s product become socially preferable than those of its competitors, it is known as natural monopoly (Goodwin et al, 2008). The market structure of a pure monopoly is characterized by one seller in the market, the goods being sold have no substitute and there are barriers of entry into the market by other firms. In the stated case, Microsoft’s products were highly differentiated and this strengthened its market power and economic profits increased due to the imperfect

Compare Fashion in 19th century to contemporary form of popular Research Paper

Compare Fashion in 19th century to contemporary form of popular culture - Research Paper Example The paper pays interests to the kinds of people who participated in this culture, their socioeconomic and cultural context, material practices involved, spaces needed for culture, and the purpose of the cultures to their participants. This paper compares and contrasts the two popular cultures; literary writing and cyber culture. Popular culture refers to intricate assembly of ideas, perspectives, fads, attitudes, images, and values widely practiced by the mainstream population in a given culture. Popular can also entail culture oriented for the market, which is spread via mass media. Popular culture arises from universal exposure to the same media (Hinds, Motz and Nelson 3). Popular culture permeates everyday lives of large segments of people giving them identity. Popular culture affects and consensually informs interests among mainstream population (Boehm 37). Various desires of the masses make up popular culture in the contemporary world. Counter cultural groups and religious groups criticize popular culture because it is shallow, consumerist, melodramatic, and contaminated. However, consumers of popular culture oppose indoctrination and negative view points from critics. Fashion in the 19th Century Literature This includes writing styles and literary genres such as creative writing, popular science, drama, romance, poetry, thrillers, comic books, letters, and crime fiction. Prior to 19th century, the literary economy did not have a stabilized audience for literary goods. With infiltration of literary as a mainstream culture in mid- 19th century, authors could now afford to support themselves from writing. This from of culture in 19th century accommodated different audiences and authors. Most of the literature and writings exhibited varying styles occasioned by prevailing ethos, periods or movements. Literary writing responded to the culture of the family centred middle class. Most of the literary writings of 19th century were metropolitan each addressing an audience (Patell 18). For instance, there were children books mostly dwelling on comic and literature for scholars such as scientific writings. Children literature expressed practical advice and enhanced moral and spiritual growth. The Comic in both books and newspapers came in different shapes, colours and sizes. They both used humor expressed in basic and straight drawings. Similarly, domestic fiction’s chief audience were women. The literary space paid homage to family space; men’s, women’s, and children’s world as well as historical. The literary writings highlighted domestic culture as they addressed socially distinct audiences. Literature provided spaces for reading and writing. Each space attracted a distinctly constituted audience. The divergence of audiences experienced its own cultural forces hence bestowing contrasting value and support. Literary writing of the 19th century provided open-spaces for re engagement with the society. The culture illuminated the culture of the peoples constructively. Literary writings of the 19th century documented historical truths of the society and aided in reconstitution of new cultures e.g. advancing the debate on slavery and racial equality which eventually led to civil rights movements (Patell 22). This culture was amplified by nationalism, in a special way; it articulated the prevailing anxiety on cultural dependency that had endured political independence. The literary market of 19th century was boosted by the vitality of middle-class literary taste. The literary works did no longer enumerate and support class defining values. This heralded a new organization of consumption, purely for entertainment. Some of the audience were working class with

Israeli-palestinian conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Israeli-palestinian conflict - Essay Example This movement spread in many spheres of Jewish life such as culture, religion, secularism, politics, labor and revisionism. The spread of this kind of nationalism came to the world as a surprised and shock the foundations of several other religious forces such as Islam and Christianity which considered Israelis to be a thing of the past. The arrival of the Zionist forces in the mainstream politics and religion gave way to businessmen especially in the field of agriculture and farming (Beinin & Stein 2006). This was the start of the Jewish settlement in their ancient regions or what they called their homeland. Israeli-Palestinian conflict has its roots both in politics and in religion. Ever since the war of 1948, the Israelis have outnumbered the Palestinians in Jerusalem leading to an intrusion of the Zionists in the Palestinian politics which caused a severe damage to the established structure. Both Palestinian Muslims and Christians were affected by this invasion which came to them as a shock. It is Zionism which is keeping the Israelis to fight for their entire life. One wonders whether the Israeli Zionism had taken an extremist approach towards attaining the land or had the opposing force, that is, the Palestinian Nationalist Movement become ineffective (Caplan 2010). The places of exile were perfect for the Israeli’s to settle. Babylon and Egypt are regions full of resources and riches. But it was religion which drove the Jews towards the Holy Land of Jerusalem. It goes without saying that the means adopted by the Israeli forces to date are highly illegal although the Arab neighboring nations are not reciprocating the way they should be doing politically (Dowty 2004). Unfortunately countless number of people are killed ruthlessly every passing day. Many billions have already died in the past but the issue of Palestine remains until the followers of all the main religions, Judaism, Christianity and Islam come together to put some sense into each othe r. It is also observed that when the solutions are presented for the conflict between the two nations there is a one sided image portrayed greatly depending upon the opinions of the UN, British, American or Israeli government. The conflict worsened as the Israeli forces pushed them next to the Arab state so that it could meet a larger end. The agreement to join hands with the opposing party meant a great deal of chaos. This was however overlooked because Israel’s demand for the partition depended upon the initial behavior of the Palestinians when they first offered some joint endeavor. The above mentioned issues still remain among the two nations. Palestinians were conveniently swept away from politics especially those who had a business approach to politics. Since the regions of occupation are of interest for all the three religions there is no reason why the people should be callously treated. With the end of World War II there were more than sixty thousand Jews who entered the land and started taking over the farmers and Bedouins who induced fear among the Jews for causing disturbance in the hierarchy the Muslims (ProCon.org 2004). Egypt, Syria, Iraq and Jordan came to the rescue of Palestine. The war of 1948 was fought bravely and with complexity. Israel must recognize one critical point that whatever maybe the solution of these problems, any decade long period of war can bring peace in one of the

Compare Fashion in 19th century to contemporary form of popular Research Paper

Compare Fashion in 19th century to contemporary form of popular culture - Research Paper Example The paper pays interests to the kinds of people who participated in this culture, their socioeconomic and cultural context, material practices involved, spaces needed for culture, and the purpose of the cultures to their participants. This paper compares and contrasts the two popular cultures; literary writing and cyber culture. Popular culture refers to intricate assembly of ideas, perspectives, fads, attitudes, images, and values widely practiced by the mainstream population in a given culture. Popular can also entail culture oriented for the market, which is spread via mass media. Popular culture arises from universal exposure to the same media (Hinds, Motz and Nelson 3). Popular culture permeates everyday lives of large segments of people giving them identity. Popular culture affects and consensually informs interests among mainstream population (Boehm 37). Various desires of the masses make up popular culture in the contemporary world. Counter cultural groups and religious groups criticize popular culture because it is shallow, consumerist, melodramatic, and contaminated. However, consumers of popular culture oppose indoctrination and negative view points from critics. Fashion in the 19th Century Literature This includes writing styles and literary genres such as creative writing, popular science, drama, romance, poetry, thrillers, comic books, letters, and crime fiction. Prior to 19th century, the literary economy did not have a stabilized audience for literary goods. With infiltration of literary as a mainstream culture in mid- 19th century, authors could now afford to support themselves from writing. This from of culture in 19th century accommodated different audiences and authors. Most of the literature and writings exhibited varying styles occasioned by prevailing ethos, periods or movements. Literary writing responded to the culture of the family centred middle class. Most of the literary writings of 19th century were metropolitan each addressing an audience (Patell 18). For instance, there were children books mostly dwelling on comic and literature for scholars such as scientific writings. Children literature expressed practical advice and enhanced moral and spiritual growth. The Comic in both books and newspapers came in different shapes, colours and sizes. They both used humor expressed in basic and straight drawings. Similarly, domestic fiction’s chief audience were women. The literary space paid homage to family space; men’s, women’s, and children’s world as well as historical. The literary writings highlighted domestic culture as they addressed socially distinct audiences. Literature provided spaces for reading and writing. Each space attracted a distinctly constituted audience. The divergence of audiences experienced its own cultural forces hence bestowing contrasting value and support. Literary writing of the 19th century provided open-spaces for re engagement with the society. The culture illuminated the culture of the peoples constructively. Literary writings of the 19th century documented historical truths of the society and aided in reconstitution of new cultures e.g. advancing the debate on slavery and racial equality which eventually led to civil rights movements (Patell 22). This culture was amplified by nationalism, in a special way; it articulated the prevailing anxiety on cultural dependency that had endured political independence. The literary market of 19th century was boosted by the vitality of middle-class literary taste. The literary works did no longer enumerate and support class defining values. This heralded a new organization of consumption, purely for entertainment. Some of the audience were working class with

Persuasion and Public Opinion in Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Persuasion and Public Opinion in Society - Essay Example that compete furiously for attention and support of the masses in shaping public opinion, which implies that public communications seek to frame issues in particular ways to influence public considerations, thereby discrediting all other competing considerations. On the other hand, public opinions regarding issues of public concern in public discourses and debates often exert a considerable level of influence on the ultimate considerations that eventually gain popularity thereby shaping public policies. However, public opinions keep shifting from time to time2, especially due to the decaying effect of communications over time, leading to the potential implication that professional public communicators should be cautious of public opinions. This paper will highlight why professional public communicators might need to be wary of public opinions by focusing on a thorough exploration of public opinion, private opinion, cultural perspectives, as well as the role of rhetoric in discourse a nd debate. Public opinion refers to the sum total of attitudes and beliefs held by individuals collectively, and though this term has shifted in meaning over the years, it has remained a focal aspect in political spheres all over the world since the 17th century. Whereas public opinion in any society could be a synthesis of views held by all, or a section of the society in question, it could also be an aggregate of multiple contrasting views from different corners of the society. Historians and political scientists alike have often conceptualized public opinion as the most fundamental tool in the practice of governance and politics claiming that it plays a significant role in shaping government policy3. Public opinion has been equated to national will, which implies that there can only be one opinion on an issue at a time; the political elite are obliged to grant the people what they will in the true spirit of democracy4, since failure to heed the voice of the people might be

Meaning of Life and Success Essay Example for Free

Meaning of Life and Success Essay The most important thing in my life is thought to be happiness. In order to achieve success you must adjust to very situation with ease. Success is it the process of doing a task and receiving a positive result, or is it simply achieving one’s own personal goals. According to The American Heritage dictionary success is, â€Å"the achievement of something desired, planned, or attempt†. The word success itself means to achieve your goal or get the point that you looking for. Some people success meant to them to be rich or to finish school and work high pay jobs. But for me success means more than that. Success means to me have peace and love; also to get married and to enter heaven after this life is over. To be sure, everybody who has peace and love is a successful succeeding person. Without peace and love there is no success. You wake up in the morning and you don’t worry about anything that day; that is success for me, because the life is short, you don’t have to be concerned about anything. Also if you have a family that loves you and is always happy for what you are doing, that is success. In addition, if you take care of your old parents and they love you and they live a happy life, which is success for me. Additionally, success is also something that is viewed differently in the eyes of everyone. This is because success means doing what I have always wanted do being where I have always wanted to be. My goal in life is to eventually get married to a good wife and have many happy children and if I accomplished that, then I could view myself as having success. Lastly, meaning of success for me is to enter the heaven after this life is over. We know that life in this world is too short, and we don’t know when we are going to die and what we are going to get after this life. That is a simple answer; do good deeds in this world and you are going to be successful in the life hereafter. That means you enter the heaven for sure and that is big reward from God to his mankind. There is no dying after this life; that means if you don’t enter the heaven you will be the loser and who ever go in the heaven will be the winner. In conclusion, I still agree with the idea I presented: however according to the dictionary and many other resources, success means to them achievement. But according to my own opinion success means to believe the ones of God, and to have peace and love in your whole life, and to get in heaven the life hereafter.

Study On The Paleolithic Age History Essay

Study On The Paleolithic Age History Essay The Paleolithic Age was a period of technology that was developed from stone. The advancements of the Neolithic Age lead to new technologies which introduced metal tools. Also the Neolithic houses were built of mud brick and were more secure compared to the Paleolithic shelters. Their dwellings were constructed sturdier because the people lived more stable lives and there was no need to be so mobile. The invention of pottery was another big advantage that the Neolithic people had over the Paleolithic people. The Neolithic Revolution led to settlements and the advancement of group living. Also, after the Neolithic revolution began more intricate community situations led to improved and more complex forms of communication. The Neolithic revolution also led to the growth of governments and higher forms of organization because now that people were living in settlements they started separating the labor. I also think trade stemmed from this revolution because now people would now trade the extra food that they grew for other things they did not have. Lastly in my opinion the Neolithic Revolution also lead to the change from a matriarchal classification to a more patriarchal classification. 2. The Caste System had many advantages and disadvantages. The first disadvantage in my opinion is that the weak were oppressed by the social and politically advantaged people in the name of faith and customs. I also think the Caste System brought about division and resentment that in turn evolved into disunity among the Indian Society. This made India weak against foreign invasion. The biggest disadvantage was that the caste system was based on birth rather than individual talent or skills. Lastly, I think the Caste System created an individual class called the untouchables which were treated less than human. An advantage to the Caste System is that it played an important part in shaping profitable activities in Indian Society. This was made feasible because a distinct system of shared interdependence through a division of labor forms protection for those within a group. Another advantage was that each caste became an expert in their own area of trade. I think the Caste System reflected Indian society in a very negative manner. The caste system at anytime is appalling, it is hypercritical, and without the feeling of affection. I think one major problem it caused was a power struggle between the Brahmins and Kshatriyas. I think the Caste System became an outcome of human greediness and arrogance and it developed into an awfully harsh system of prejudice and domination. 3. The first tenet of Zoroastrianism is the belief in a supreme and universal god. He is the designer, the maintainer, and he protects the good from the wicked. The second important tenet of Zoroastrianism is the belief in the duality of survival. Zoroastrians accept the fact that the earth is a combat zone between good and evil forces. The third tenet is the belief in the holiness of conception. The Zoroastrians believe his conception is holy and marvelous so they feel it is everyones job to keep it unpolluted and sustain order. The last tenet of Zoroastrianism is the belief in the divine character of the Earth and mankind. They believe the material world consisting of flames, water, atmosphere, dirt, vegetation, nature, and humans are much like the body of God. Zoroastrianism is very influential because it is one of the oldest existing religions on the planet. Zarathustra teachings were notice by the ancient Greek and Roman theorists who wrote about his life and teachings. Zoroastrianism brought about the perceptions of Heaven and Hell; the idea that humans have free will faced the judgment by God after death. It basically paved the way for the religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Before Zoroastrians influence the Hebrew Bible made no reference of a physical or emotional revitalization. Christianity is believed to be taught through the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth and Zoroastrianism is taught through the prophesy of Zarathustra. These two religions have many similarities. The one similarity that stood out to me was that in both religions there is a belief in afterlife. Also in both religions there is a constant struggle between good and evil. The last thing that stood out was the fact that each religion believed that mankind should have free will. 6. When comparing and contrasting the religions of Hinduism and Buddhism you will first notice that both of these religions originated in the South Asia region. The one thing that stood out to me was that even though they had similar customs and values, they had very different ideas on matters of social organization. The two religions also differ on the ideas of the importance of individual freedom to progress both socially and spiritually. Another big difference is that there was not a specific founder of Hinduism. Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama in 563 B.C. and Hinduism is more of a collection of different religions and cultures. In Hinduism a person must live their life through Dharma which is a sense of obligation. Through this a person can fulfill his roles in society and the world. In Buddhism a person must live their life through Dharma, which has no social obligations but sets up a definition of right behavior and responsibility. This is done so a person can escape the cycle of suffering and rebirth or samaras and achieve nirvana. In both religions they believe in the process of reincarnation and the effects of Karma. In conclusion, Hinduism and Buddhism both influenced India even though both influenced it in dissimilar ways. The major way that Hinduism influenced India is by the Caste System. The Caste System is the order of social classes of India, and is still acknowledged by some in India, although it is now prohibited. Buddhism influenced India mostly in ways of art with many sculptures which were made in the likeness of Buddha. Buddhists cultured ways of getting in touch with their internal character through the technique of meditation. Buddhists believed in both karma and dharma. Hindus construe this as if reincarnated into an improved social class coming nearer to evading suffering would be possible. 7. The Pax Romana was a time of harmony in the Mediterranean that lasted from the control of Augustus to the reign of Marcus Aurelius. The most outstanding characteristic of this period was the fact that there were two hundred continuous years of peace within Rome. Under this peace time, Augustus was able to extend his reign to Asia Minor. The economy also prospered within this time period by improving many harbors, building roads, clearing forests, and by turning unused land into farms. In my opinion this is also a time where there was an architectural revolution. The Pax Romana was a period of time that proved to be an example of five good rulers. The beginning of the Pax Romana began with the reign of Augustus and lasted forty-five years until his death. As ruler he was able to create a Roman Empire that had a much more balanced foundation. After his death, Rome had a few years of bad rulers. In my opinion The Roman Empire wasnt totally unified during this period. I also think the Pax Romana should not be spoken as the point in time of Roman tranquility which the name itself suggests. The Romans did remunerate wars during this period and there were common strifes as leaders were assassinated and tyranny was fluent. However, it was a time of wealth and progress in every sense. There were many similarities between the Pax Romana and Han China empires, length, area, economic transformation, and territorial expansion stood out to me the most. However, in my judgment the differences are more interesting. Political assimilation in China was obtained by the increase of Confucian values, characters of the emperors, and a bureaucratic government. The powerful Roman law was emphasized over their fragile system of government. Mysticism of emperors was not as dangerous politically, even though many made claim for the position. I think one of the greatest similarities is the development of technology and architecture and also the change in government policies. The major difference in my opinion was the fact that the Roman Empire turned their government into a republic and Han China maintained the structure of the Qin Empire. 8. The main achievements of the Roman Empire was the size of the empire, the advancement of its bureaucratic system, and they had one of the most well-organized, efficient, and vicious armies that the world has ever seen. In my opinion one major limitation that helped effect Romes fall was that usually Roman armies had more allegiance to their general than the state. I feel this contributed to constant civil war which plagued Rome during a large amount of its record. I also think that a very advanced culture would be an achievement of Rome. I also want to add that another limitation is that Rome suffered from a long period of terrible rulers and even with the development of technology wasnt enough to hold this great empire together. One key turning point in Roman History was the overthrow of the Tarquin monarchy by Junius Brutus in 509 BC. After this Rome never converts back to a monarchy. The republic of Rome was then ruled by the Senate and its assembly. I also think the Punic Wars were another major turning point in Roman history. After the Second Punic War, Rome paved the road for its power over Italy and established itself as the main power in the western Mediterranean. This bought about power and wealth to almost the entire region. The last turning point I want to mention is the year of the five emperors. This was the turning point that in my opinion started the decline of the Roman Empire. I think Romes legacy would be that they paved the way for western civilization. I also think the architecture of the Roman Empire was very dominant for its era in history. The Romans also contributed too many changes in British landscape. I also believe that much of Romes literature and writing has influenced the world. Lastly, the Romans will always be remembered because they had the best, well-organized, efficient, and vicious armies that the world has ever seen.

Essay on Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and Bladerunner -- Movie Film com

Similarities between Frankenstein and Bladerunner    Many similarities can be found between Mary Shelley's 1816 novel, Frankenstein and the 1982 movie Bladerunner . The number of similarities between these two works, created more than two hundred years apart, is staggering. A cursory look at both works reveals these similarities: Both stories feature a very intelligent person trying to play God through the creation of life. Both of the creatures were subsequently mistreated by their maker and society as a whole. In both stories, the audience is left feeling greater sympathy for the monster than for the creator. Both stories contain a very intelligent creator who seems unaware of the forces that they are dealing with. They are both fascinated with human life and wish to create it themselves. Victor Frankenstein states, "One of the phenomena which had peculiarly attracted my attention was the structure of the human frame, and, indeed, any animal endued with life. Whence, I often asked myself did the principle of life proceed?"(pg. 51) Both creators share a fascination with where life proceeds from. Is it merely intellect? Or, as in the case of Bladerunner, are emotions the defining element of human life. Both creators are expressly interested in creating a life form equal to human and Tyrell even wishes to create a life form superior to man. Both stories share a central theme, that the acquirement too much knowledge is dangerous. Throughout Frankenstein, the reader is left with the feeling that Victor's obsessive desire to defeat nature, through the creation of another life, directly led to the many tragedies that befell him, "Learn from me, if not by my precept, at least by my example, how dangerous is the ac... ...g detail of its execution." (pg 219). Roy expresses to Tyrell that he has done undesirable things during his life that were caused because of his desire to live longer than his allotted four years. Both monsters express their longing to remain alive. Even though life has not been fair to them and fait dealt them a cruel hand, these creatures still cling to life dearly, "Life, although it may only be an accumulation of anguish, is dear to me, and I will defend it.." (pg 100) Lastly both Frankenstein's monster and Roy Baty state what it means to be a slave, one to his envy and rage, and the other to a human race that spurns him. "..but I was the slave, not the master, of an impulse, which I detested, yet could not disobey...Evil thence forth became my good." Works Cited Shelley, M. (1969). Frankenstein (12th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.   

Fatal Secret

*Wednesday 15th October It's getting worse. I have no friends. My family hates me. My grades are low and I can't sleep. I don't know why I even bother with school any more. My parents are so busy fighting they don't even know I'm there. I might as well just leave, it will make everyone happy. I have to go. Just pack my bags, and go* It's a Thursday afternoon, the sun is shining, there's a clear blue sky, and everything is close to perfect. Or so it seemed†¦ â€Å"Grace! Gracie! Gracie darling I'm home!† Grace's mother called repeatedly, but no one was home. Though she looked around, Grace's mother found nothing. Absolutely nothing. Except for this piece of paper lying on grace's dresser. Why this piece of paper stuck out so much she didn't know, but nevertheless she picked it up. It was addressed to her. â€Å"Mum, I know I haven't been the best daughter lately, so I think I've done you and dad a favour. I've seen the pair of you fighting, and I can't help but feel it is my fault. So I've decided to get out of your way. I don't know where I'm going, or how long for, but I think you will agree that it's for the best. In case I never see you again, I want you to know one thing. I love you and dad very much, and I owe you everything. You are the best parents a girl could wish for, but I hate seeing you like this. It's for the best, and I know when I come back things will be much better. Promise me you won't forget me. I'm sorry, Gracie xxx† Grace's mother was stunned. She read it over and over, but each time it said the same thing. Grace was gone. Her baby girl had run away, and it was all her fault. Straight away she phoned her husband, who came home immediately. â€Å"Helen, calm down† â€Å"No, we must call the police† â€Å"Look love†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Steven, our child has gone!† â€Å"Yes dear, but we can't do anything just now. The police can't do anything for another twenty-four hours. Please, just calm down. Gracie will turn up anytime now. You'll see. She'll come rushing through that door crying, saying how she made a mistake. It will all be alright.† But she didn't. They waited all night, but there was no sign of Grace. Eventually they did call the police, although that didn't make much of a difference. Grace was nowhere to be seen. Helen, Grace's mother, had started to think the worst. â€Å"Steven, what if she's, you know, what if something's happened to her. She could be lying in a ditch right now, calling out for help. Officer, can't you do something!† â€Å"We're trying as hard as we can ma'm, but there's only so much we can do. There's a search party out now, and we've advertised it everywhere. I'm afraid there isn't much else I can do. Sorry.† It was true, not much else could be done, and there didn't seem much hope for Grace's survival. No one knew if she was alive or dead. There was no evidence pointing either way. Not at the time anyway†¦ The street is no place for a young girl, as Grace found out over time. She began to regret ever leaving. She wasn't the only one alone, but everyone else seemed to know how to survive, whereas Grace was struggling to find a meal each day. She would get funny looks when people walked past. Other homeless people scared her, something about them made her feel uneasy. One man, a strange looking man with a long ripped coat and a scar across his face, he scared her the most. He would walk past her; give her funny looks, like he was thinking something. Grace was permanently on the move to try and escape his glare, but somehow he would always find her. She wasn't the only one he scared. There were other girls, young girls, on the street with Grace. She wouldn't understand why, but every now and again, one of these girls would go missing. She'd never see them again. Grace just thought that they'd moved on, or gone home. If only she knew†¦ The search continued for weeks, even months. Every day more and more people seemed certain she had disappeared completely. For everyone knew about it. It was all over every newspaper, on every channel. Not one workplace hadn't discussed it over their tea break. Lots of people joined in the search, everyone wanted her to be okay. When almost every person had given up hope of finding her, something turned up. Some children had gone down to the river one Sunday afternoon for a bit of fishing. One boy had something on the end of his line, but it wasn't a fish. It was something much larger and heavier, for he had trouble pulling it in. It was a body, a naked body. A young girl's naked body. It was Grace. When the police examined the case, it was put down as suicide. They didn't look into it much, everything added up. She was young, lonely, upset, it all seemed to fit. But maybe they should have looked a little deeper, examined it a bit more. Did she kill herself, or was it someone else' s doing. Maybe they needed just that one bit of evidence to prove that it wasn't as simple as it looked. Maybe†¦ * Wednesday 15th November I'm scared. I don't know exactly what's happening. But I know it's to do with him. I've seen him before, he gives me funny looks. I've heard him talking himself; he's not right in the head. Before I heard him asking another girl if he could do stuff to her. Dirty, wrong stuff. It's not right. I just want to go home, I don't want anything to happen to me. I never wanted to die, I just thought I shoouldgive my parents some space. I think I hear him again; he's coming over here. It's the end, I know it is. I just want to go home. I just want to go home. *